What role does phonemic awareness play in reading?

Phonemic awareness is a critical component of reading, as it refers to the ability to recognize and manipulate the individual sounds, or phonemes, in spoken words. This skill enables students to understand that words are made up of distinct sounds, which is fundamental for decoding and spelling. When students develop phonemic awareness, they are better equipped to sound out words while reading, leading to improved reading fluency and comprehension. By processing the sounds in words, students can make connections between spoken language and written words, facilitating their overall ability to read effectively. This foundational skill supports the development of other literacy skills, making it essential for early readers.